dronefactory24.uk

The Transmedium Superdrone

One airframe that flies, dives, swims, and surfaces. Built around a bullet hull and off-the-shelf parts, with a medium-keyed star-delta propulsion concept and a seawater range-extender. Engineered honestly: every number below is what the physics actually allows.

Air + water VTOL Mostly AliExpress BOM Patents: draft / patent-pending

Honest performance envelope

What it can really do
~75-95 mph
Realistic loaded air speed (FPV-class, with hull)
~115-185 mph
Stripped air-only design stretch target
~15-25 mph
Submerged transit (water is ~1000x denser)
~3.6 : 1
Air thrust-to-weight at ~1.2-1.6 kg

Speeds are in mph. For reference, the current multirotor world record is about 408 mph on a stripped racing frame with no payload, so a clean high-speed build comfortably beats Nazgul-class racers in air. A submerged bullet hull is drag-dominated, so underwater speed is far lower by design. We publish all three numbers rather than a single headline figure.

Generated concept reel

Fly. Dive. Swim. Surface.

Concept visualisations of the platform and two lawful mission profiles: a capability hero reel and a maritime search-and-rescue support scene. These are design renders, not footage of a finished aircraft.

Water entry
Submerged transit
Water exit to flight
SAR support: life-buoy drop
SAR support: mark and relay
Exploded view
Formation cruise
Night coastal patrol
Aquaculture sampling
Assembly bench
Keep-afloat ring (empty boat)
Approach (drone POV)
Derelict-craft recovery
Light-show formation
Exploded, in flight
Harsh-weather survival
Job dispatched, doorstep launch
Turbine blade inspection
XL heavy-lift variant
High-altitude relay balloon
Coastal monitoring mesh
Lawful-use note. The maritime profile is search-and-rescue and interdiction support only: detect, track, illuminate, mark, relay, and deliver flotation aids. Any rescue or movement of an occupied vessel is handed off to HM Coastguard, Border Force, or French authorities. The platform is not designed or marketed to interfere with crewed boats.

How it works

Three honest engineering ideas
Exploded view of the transmedium drone showing bullet hull, four motor arms, flight controller, LiPo pack, ballast pump, aluminium-magnesium battery tube and payload bay
Propulsion

Medium-keyed star-delta

A switchable wye(star)/delta winding gives a torque-vs-speed "gear shift": star for high-torque low-speed water, delta for high-speed air. This is the keystone patent idea.

Honest build path: no hobby ESC switches windings today, so the prototype uses separate propulsors (four FPV air motors plus one or two sealed underwater thrusters). Winding-switching on a single motor is a funded research extension, not a build blocker.

Energy

Seawater range-extender

An aluminium structural electrode plus a magnesium sacrificial rod forms a seawater galvanic cell. Flowing saltwater during a dive generates low-power DC.

Honest limit: roughly 5-30 W. That trickle-charges the avionics and sensor bus and extends loiter; it does not power flight. Flight energy is a 6S LiPo charged at the dock. We do not claim saltwater flight.

Airframe

Bullet hull + folding quad

A buoyant bullet/torpedo hull houses a dry electronics bay. A ballast pump and depth sensor manage water entry, submerged transit, and water exit. Four folding/tilting arms carry the air rotors; a tool-less payload bay swaps mission modules.

Modular payload bay

One bay, many missions

SAR support

Flotation-aid dispenser, search light, and a comms relay to mark and report a vessel's position to crewed authorities.

Aquaculture and fishing

A servo reel with a baited sampling line, or a small scoop/landing net, for sea-pen sampling and small-catch retrieval. Sampling, not industrial trawling.

Survey and recovery

Camera and sensor survey, plus a tow-line/net module scoped to unoccupied or authority-cleared craft only.

Centrepiece capability

Keep the boat afloat. Save the people.

The strongest thing a low-cost swarm can do at sea is buy time. Several buoyancy-capable drones reach a swamped or unstable boat, distribute around the hull, and hold it level and afloat to prevent capsize until a crewed rescue arrives. The same dock-and-tow mechanism recovers empty, abandoned derelict craft to the nearest safe harbour. No occupant is ever moved against their will, and people are handed to crewed authorities, not relocated by the drones.

Stabilise

Prevent capsize

Drones attach and add distributed buoyancy and righting support, holding a swamped hull level on the swell.

Mark and relay

Bring the cutter in

The swarm illuminates the boat and relays its exact position so a crewed coastguard cutter can take over the rescue.

Recover

Derelict craft

Empty abandoned dinghies are a navigation and litter hazard. The swarm gently tows them to the nearest safe harbour.

Lawful by design. This is search-and-rescue support and derelict-craft recovery. The drones do not disable, interfere with, or relocate any occupied vessel. Rescue of people is always handed to HM Coastguard, Border Force, or the relevant national authority.

Endurance

Hop, float, trickle-charge, hop again

When the pack runs low, the drone lands on the water and floats. A magnesium-aluminium seawater cell and a thin solar skin trickle-charge it back up over time, then it hops on. This extends range over long timescales. It is not perpetual flight, and we do not claim the sea recharges it fast enough to fly continuously.

~33-49 Wh
6S LiPo primary pack (charged at dock)
~5-30 W
Seawater Mg/Al cell (~1.2-1.6 V per cell, stacked)
~5-20 W
Thin-film solar skin in full sun
~0.5-3 h
Float-and-charge time to bank one short hop

A short hop costs roughly 10-20 Wh, so a combined ~10-50 W trickle rebanks a hop in well under an hour to a few hours of floating. Over a sunny day that is several extra hops of range with no dock. The seawater cell consumes its magnesium electrode as it runs, so it is a finite range-extender, not free energy.

Ruggedization

Built to survive the sea, honestly rated
Skin

Kevlar/composite + bullet hull

A light aramid-composite skin over the bullet hull resists impact, abrasion, sea state, salt corrosion, and fragmentation, and sheds spray on water entry.

Weather

Harsh-climate operation

Sealed dry bay, conformal-coated boards and glanded penetrations let it fly through driving rain and spray and operate in cold, wet, salt-laden air.

Honest limit

Not rifle-rated

A flyable craft of around 1.5 kg cannot carry rifle-rated (NIJ III/IV) armor, which is kilograms of steel or ceramic. We do not claim it stops rifle rounds. The skin is for durability and fragmentation, not ballistic protection.

A technician swapping a motor pod on a small white drone in a tidy home workshop

Local build

A reduced-reliance roadmap, not a slogan

A genuine localisation path: the airframe, sealing, integration and a large share of the electronics can be UK or EU built. We are honest that some inputs are globally China-dominated and cannot be fully localised today.

Can localise now

Airframe, PCB, integration

PCB-as-structural-airframe: rigid boards double as load-bearing arms and bulkheads while carrying the power electronics, cutting part count and mass (load-limited, suited to a small craft, sealed and conformal-coated). UK-sourced 6061 aluminium tube and magnesium anode stock, a uniframe body, local SMD assembly and motor winding, and final integration.

Hard dependencies

Where China still leads

NdFeB motor magnets, many semiconductors, and lithium cells are China-dominated worldwide. A realistic first build localises the structure, assembly and integration and a meaningful slice of components, while these specific inputs remain imported. We will not claim zero reliance when the supply chain does not support it yet.

Bill of materials

Buildable from mostly off-the-shelf parts

Indicative mid-2026 prices in USD. Treat as ballpark, not quotes. A bundled BNF FPV quad collapses the air-side lines into one purchase, which is the fewest-components route.

#PartQtyLine USDFunction
1RC submarine hull (bullet/torpedo, ABS, hobby grade)190Buoyant body, dry electronics bay
2Flight controller + 4-in-1 ESC stack (F405/F722, 45-60A)165VTOL stabilisation, drives 4 air motors
3Air motors, 2207-class brushless (IP53 splash)460VTOL lift and thrust in air
4Air props (5 inch) + spares88Convert motor torque to lift
5Sealed underwater thruster (U-series) + bidirectional ESC1-2140Dedicated water propulsion
66S LiPo packs (1300-2200 mAh)265Primary flight and thruster energy
76S balance charger145Charges packs at the dock
8ELRS 2.4GHz receiver (nano)112Long-range control link
9ELRS radio transmitter1100Pilot control
10FPV camera + VTX kit140Live video (air phase)
11Ballast pump (12V) + reservoir120Dive and surface control
12Depth / pressure sensor (MS5837-class)122Depth feedback for ballast
13Waterproof servos (metal gear, 20 kg)256Ballast valve / payload actuation
14Aluminium tube (6061, frame)1 set22Booms/arms; the Al galvanic electrode
15Magnesium sacrificial-anode rod120The Mg electrode for the aux cell
16Wiring / connectors (XT60/XT30, silicone wire)1 set20Power and signal interconnect
17Marine epoxy + conformal coating spray1 set25Seal penetrations, protect PCBs
18Payload-bay hardware (servo reel, net/scoop, line)1 set35Swappable mission modules
19O-rings, bulkhead glands, cable penetrators1 set18Waterproof every wire penetration
Indicative subtotal~$880Swing range ~$700-$1,300

Honest caveats: hobby "torpedo" hulls are usually static-dive ABS kits, fine for shallow prototype depth but not deep-rated. "Waterproof" FPV motors are IP53 (splash), not submersible, which is why water propulsion uses dedicated sealed thrusters. Full sourcing, IP ratings, and citations are in the engineering dossier in the repository.

Design studio

Configure it. Watch the chain reaction.

Four live tools, all deterministic and honest. Change one input and the totals, the power budget, and the propulsion mode cascade.

Medium-keyed propulsion

Power and thrust-to-weight

All-up weight
Thrust per motor (x4)
Total air thrust
Thrust-to-weight
Hover power (est.)
Seawater cell 5-30 W

BOM configurator

Air section
Underwater thrusters
Radio tier
6S LiPo packs
Line items
Build time (est.)

Mission compiler demo

A taste of the programmable board (patent DF24-05). Type a plain-language brief; it compiles to a validated parameter set with safety interlocks. Deterministic, runs in your browser. The real board compiles to flight-controller params.


    

Endurance planner

Hop, float, trickle-charge, hop again. Honest math: the sea and sun extend range, they do not power continuous flight.

Energy per hop
Seawater cell power
Solar skin power (sun)
Combined trickle
Recharge per hop
Self-powered hops/day
Extra range/day

Assembly

Few parts, simple tools

Designed so a prototyping shop can assemble it with a screwdriver, a hex set, a soldering iron, and a butterknife for prying the hull halves. STEP files and per-step illustrations ship in the repo.

  1. Open the bullet hull along its seam (a butterknife pries the ABS halves), dry-fit the electronics tray.
  2. Mount the flight controller + 4-in-1 ESC stack on soft standoffs in the dry bay; conformal-coat the boards.
  3. Bolt the four folding arms to the hull; fit the 2207 air motors and props (note prop direction).
  4. Fit the sealed underwater thruster to the tail with its own bidirectional ESC; seal the lead with a gland.
  5. Install the ballast pump, reservoir, and depth sensor; route tubing to the flood/vent ports.
  6. Fit the aluminium frame tube and the magnesium anode rod as the two electrodes of the seawater aux cell.
  7. Wire power (XT60 bus), bind the ELRS receiver, and connect the FPV camera and VTX.
  8. Seal every penetration with O-rings/glands and marine epoxy; pressure-test the dry bay before flight.
  9. Bench-test motors and ballast on the programmable board, then do a tethered hover and a shallow dive.
Labelled side-section schematic of the transmedium drone showing thruster, arms, ballast pump, LiPo, flight controller, receiver, camera, payload bay and seawater auxiliary cell
Prototypist pack. The repository ships a dimensioned parametric build spec, a FreeCAD macro that generates a STEP skeleton (freecadcmd build_step_skeleton.py), and this labelled schematic, so a shop can model and quote the prototype. The STEP skeleton is primitive layout geometry, not production parts.

The 30-step chain reaction

Prototype and funding readiness

A dependency-ordered checklist from parts on the bench to a fundable demonstrator. Each step unlocks the next.

Phase 1 - Bench and subsystems
1
Order the BOM; confirm hull, thruster, and motor SKUs in hand.
2
Bench-power the FC + ESC stack; flash and configure firmware.
3
Spin all four air motors; verify direction, telemetry, thrust.
4
Run the sealed thruster in a tank on a bidirectional ESC.
5
Validate ballast pump + depth sensor closed-loop in a bucket.
6
Conformal-coat boards; build and pressure-test the dry bay.
Phase 2 - Integration
7
Assemble airframe; weigh; confirm ~3.6:1 air thrust-to-weight.
8
Trim buoyancy and centre of gravity in a test tank.
9
Tethered hover; tune PIDs for the hull mass.
10
Shallow controlled dive and resurface on ballast.
11
First air-to-water entry and water-to-air exit, tethered.
12
Bench the seawater aux cell; measure real watts in saltwater.
Phase 3 - Mission software
13
Stand up the programmable board and mission-compiler adapter.
14
Encode medium-transition safety interlocks.
15
Author a survey mission in natural language; validate params.
16
Add the SAR-support behaviour with authority hand-off.
17
Fail-safe testing: link loss, low battery, leak detect.
18
Log telemetry for a reproducible test record.
Phase 4 - Field and evidence
19
Open-water flight test under CAA rules at a permitted site.
20
Repeat transition cycles; measure endurance and range.
21
Payload trials: life-buoy drop, sampling line, survey.
22
Capture demo footage and a measured performance sheet.
23
Independent witness of a transition demo (TRL evidence).
24
Reach a defensible TRL 5-6 demonstrator state.
Phase 5 - IP and funding
25
Engage a patent attorney; run a professional FTO search.
26
File the keystone draft (medium-keyed star-delta) at UK IPO.
27
File the Irish short-term keystone; plan the PCT window.
28
Frame a defence/maritime problem for a DASA bid (~TRL 6).
29
Prepare a clean-maritime/autonomy CMDC feasibility bid.
30
Log qualifying spend for R&D tax relief; pursue grant-readiness support.
Draft / patent-pending - not granted

Patent draft bundles

Six AI-assisted draft applications covering the transmedium platform: medium-keyed star-delta propulsion, the seawater auxiliary range-extender, transmedium hull integration, the modular payload bay, natural-language mission programming, and a lawful maritime search-and-rescue support swarm method. Prepared for UK IPO and Irish (IPOI) filing. None of these is a granted patent; professional prosecution by a qualified patent attorney is required before any rights exist.

Browse the six draft specifications UK IPO bundle (.zip) Ireland bundle (.zip)

Downloads

Take the whole pack to a shop

Everything a prototyping shop needs to quote and build, plus the draft patent bundles.

Build it locally

Zurich electronics and maker resources
Walk-in parts

Counters and distributors

Pusterla Elektronik AG - the genuine Zurich walk-in component counter, Kernstrasse 55, 8004 Zurich. Distrelec and Conrad are next-day delivery (Conrad's Swiss stores closed in 2021). Play-Zone (Zug) and Bastelgarage cover maker parts online.

Hands-on build

Makerspaces and assembly

FabLab Zurich (Zimmerlistrasse 6) for laser, CNC, 3D print, and an electronics bench. Bitwaescherei and the co-located SGMK MechArtLab (Neue Hard 12) for hardware hacking. Low-volume PCB via Eurocircuits or PCB Runner.

Confirm 2026 opening hours before visiting; some listings predate this year.

UK funding routes

Honest read on the money

An amphibious prototype from off-the-shelf parts sits around TRL 3-5. Grants fund the differentiator (the air-water transition, autonomy, payload), not the assembly. We are the applicant, not a raiser of third-party capital.

Best near-term

DASA

Defence and Security Accelerator. Typically GBP 100k-350k, themed maritime and security competitions plus a rolling open call. Expects a prototype demo near TRL 6-7 within about 12 months. Reasonable odds with a specific maritime problem and a defensible differentiator.

Best civil

Clean Maritime (CMDC)

DfT money via Innovate UK. Feasibility strands are the most accessible entry. Tie the platform to a clean-maritime use case such as emissions monitoring, port efficiency, or survey replacing crewed vessels.

Most dependable

R&D tax relief

Retrospective credit on qualifying R&D spend, no competitive panel. Refunds money already spent rather than funding up front, and the scheme has tightened, but it is the most reliable route for a genuinely novel prototype.

Not open

Smart Grants

Innovate UK Smart Grants were the historical best fit but were paused in January 2025. Watch for the replacement scheme rather than planning around them today.

A technician running a methodical go or no-go inspection of a small white drone at home

Optimization brief

Field notes from 2045 (a forward projection)

Written in the voice of a first-principles engineer looking back. It is a thought exercise, not a claim about the future. The leverage is always the same: collapse part count, make the structure do two jobs, and make every connection impossible to get wrong.

Collapse parts

Fewer things to break

A modular FPV core already cut ~120 parts to ~85. Monocoque + potted modules can halve assembly time. Every deleted part is a deleted failure mode.

Structure does two jobs

PCB as airframe

Rigid boards carry both load and current; copper planes spread heat; the frame is the wiring. Load-limited, but for a small craft it removes brackets, harness and mass.

Error-proof

Poka-yoke everything

Keyed, colour- coded, polarity-locked connectors; one-orientation modules; a wiring diagram printed inside the hull. The build cannot be done wrong, so an untrained person can repair it.

3-part monocoque

Three parts. A hex key and a butterknife.
Part 1

Clamshell hull

Two halves, one O-ring seam, snap-fit captive clips (a butterknife pries it open). Molded-in inserts and mounting bosses; no loose nuts. ~2 minutes to open and close.

Part 2

Potted power module

Flight controller + 4-in-1 ESC + BEC + receiver, conformal-coated and potted, keyed so it only fits one way. Swap the whole brain in under 90 seconds, no soldering.

Part 3

Motor pod + keyed battery

Motor pods on a single captive bolt with pre-soldered quick-disconnect leads; battery on a keyed XT60 that cannot go in backwards. Field-swap in minutes.

The 30 simplifications we were missing
Structure / PCB-as-frame: PDB as the centre brace; FC traces route motor leads; ESC copper planes as heatsink; regulator on the FC; antenna trace on the PCB edge.
Captive fasteners: molded-in brass inserts; tethered bolt caps; spring T-nuts; bayonet battery key; shrouded motor leads; clip-retained servo horn; molded cable channels.
Pre-harness / potted: pre-soldered motor connectors; potted thruster pod; sealed ballast-pump module; colour-coded bullets; potted RX+antenna; conformal-coated stack.
Poka-yoke: keyed power module; colour-coded connectors; gender-enforced polarity; QR-coded arms; stamped motor rotation; capacity-labelled packs; indexed payload bay; wiring diagram printed inside the hull.
Wiring: single star power bus; separate receiver rail; twisted-pair signal; connector position locks.
Test: factory-flashed ESC firmware; gyro axis stamped; factory compass report; pre-cut antenna; one-touch motor-spin test.

Variants

One core, three airframes
Endurance

Long-range folding-wing VTOL

Pop-out wings deploy after vertical take-off so it cruises on the wing, not the rotors. This is the variant that does a 30-mile (48 km) inspection roundtrip; an efficient VTOL/fixed-wing hybrid is a ~200 km class. Borrows benign airframe ideas (folding wings, low sea-skimming cruise, compact bullet form).

Portable

One-person-portable

~20-25 kg all-up (UK HSE single-person lift guidance ~25 kg), ~5-15 kg payload. Folds and carries under one arm for rapid SAR and inspection from anywhere.

Heavy-lift

XL platform (~100 kg)

A large multi-rotor for ~100 kg payload (delivery, equipment, agriculture). Honest: at this size it is moved by trolley or two people, it is not "one-person lift".

Non-weaponized by design. We borrow only airframe and aerodynamics ideas from efficient cruise vehicles (folding wings, sea-skimming, compact form). This is a civilian search-and-rescue, inspection and aquaculture drone. It carries no warhead, no strike or loitering-munition capability, and it does not interfere with occupied vessels.

Magnet-free motor option

Drop the rare-earth dependency, honestly

Tesla announced a next-generation drive in 2023 with no rare-earth permanent magnets. Switched-reluctance and wound-field motors do the same: no neodymium, robust, and immune to magnet demagnetization. For us that means supply-chain sovereignty and longevity. The honest catch is below.

PropertyNdFeB PM BLDC (default)Magnet-free (SRM / wound-field)
Power densityHighLower for the same size (the real cost)
ControlMature, simpleHarder (more torque ripple, complex drive)
Rare-earth dependenceYes (China-dominated NdFeB)None
Longevity / demagnetizationCan demagnetize when hotNo magnets to lose; robust
Best forThe everyday lightweight buildSovereignty / longevity variant

So "superior power and longevity" is not the full truth: it is superior longevity and supply independence with a power-density cost. We offer it as the rare-earth-free variant; the default build stays PM BLDC.

Local manufacturing

What a UK-built motor really costs

Indicative material and process costs to wind a 2207-class motor locally (mid-2026, verify against live quotes). The point is that the structure, winding, PCB and assembly are genuinely UK-makeable.

~$9-10/kg
Copper magnet wire (LME copper basis)
~$2-5
Material per 2207 motor (copper + steel + magnet)
£2-20k
Coil winder (benchtop to small production)
UK-makeable
Stator lamination, CNC, winding, PCB, assembly
Source locally (by category)

Motor winding/rewinding, PCB fab + SMT assembly, CNC machining, carbon-composite / injection moulding, aluminium tube, lithium packs + BMS. Find reliable SMEs via Made in Britain, the MTC, and local enterprise partnerships, and run two suppliers per part in tandem for resilience.

Honest hard dependencies

NdFeB magnets, lithium cells, and most semiconductors are China-dominated worldwide. A first build localises structure, winding, PCB and integration plus a meaningful share of parts; these specific inputs stay imported until the supply chain matures (the magnet-free variant removes the magnet dependency).

C60 materials upgrade

Real fullerene gains, cited and honest

C60 (buckminsterfullerene) earns its place in the composite hull and coatings, not in the battery and not as a health product. Adding 0.1-2 wt% to the epoxy is a documented, low-cost upgrade.

Composite hull

Tougher, stiffer

0.1-2 wt% C60 in epoxy: impact strength up ~50-200%, tensile +15-25%, modulus +10-50% in lab studies (oxidized C60 best).

Coating

Saltwater corrosion

C60/epoxy coatings stay intact through 200+ hours of salt-spray testing, useful for a marine drone.

Bearings

Less friction

As a lubricant additive, friction down ~4-20% in lab tests. Minor, optional.

What C60 does NOT do here. There is no evidence it helps a magnesium-aluminium seawater galvanic cell (battery work is lab Li/Mg only), and the "C60 in olive oil longevity" claim is retracted pseudoscience with documented light-dependent toxicity. We use it only as a structural and coating additive. Bulk C60 is ~$40-200/g; ultra-high-purity (c60.ch) runs $42k-445k/kg and is not needed for composites. Sources cited in the repository.

30 profitable use cases

Where the money actually is

Indicative market values (sourced, 2025-2026), not guarantees. Filter by category. Aquaculture and SAR support are the standout recurring earners for Ireland and the UK.

Use caseCategoryWho paysIndicative valueIE/UK fitNote

Speculative items (aquaculture per-job, SAR pricing) are flagged. "Fit" reflects how winnable it is for an Ireland/UK SME today.

Subsea niches IE/UK can win

Ranked by low-hanging fruit
#NicheIncumbent costDrone costBarrierReal?
1Aquaculture net/pen/mooring (IE + Scotland)diver £5-8k, vessel £22-32k/day£2-3kLow, recurring, no reg barrierStrong
2Offshore-wind foundation/scour/J-tube (UK)ROV+vessel £25-40k/event£5-8kNeeds DNV/class certStrong (post-cert)
3Subsea cable landing / shallow survey$500k per fault£2-4kBudget weak (laid + forgotten)Niche
4Port hull / quay-wall / IMO biofoulingdiver £4-6k/day£1.5-2.5kCrowded, thin marginsPartial
5Coastal / seagrass / outfall / flood-defencemanual / irregular£1-2kGovt budget cyclesAspirational

Start with aquaculture: farms already use underwater drones, diver inspection is genuinely expensive and unsafe in rough water, and the revenue recurs (4-12 inspections per site per year).

Every home a micro-enterprise

The drone earns. The home keeps it flying.

A drone does paid work - inspection, survey, search-and-rescue support - and the household that maintains it shares in what it earns. Anyone can learn the common swaps; the income and the skills stay local. One well-kept drone becomes two, then a small fleet that quietly helps keep the country running.

A person holding a freshly repaired drone at home as it earns its keep
It earns its keep
An experienced technician teaching an apprentice to repair drones
Skills passed on
A neat row of small white drones ready to fly from a suburban home
One drone grows to a fleet
Honest note. Earnings are illustrative and job-dependent, and the safety-critical repair steps (waterproof re-test, calibration, ESC reflash) still go to a hub. The home does the everyday swaps and keeps the drone working.
A focused technician repairing a small white drone at a kitchen table with hand tools

Household repair network

Jobs at every kitchen table, done right

Because the drone is modular and error-proofed, an untrained person can do the common repairs with guided, repetitive, encouraging steps (scan the arm's QR, follow photos, run the one-touch motor test). A grounded drone costs an operator about $480/hr, so fast local repair has real value.

Anyone can do (at home)

Prop swap, battery swap, motor-pod / arm swap (pre-soldered), antenna swap, connector re-seat, frame straighten, O-ring re-grease, and visual QC (voltage check, spin test, balance check). Guided by an app that will not let you skip a safety step.

Must go to a hub (honest)

Waterproof re-test (slow leaks need a long soak), flight-controller / compass calibration, ESC firmware reflash, and any cell-level battery work. These are safety-critical and need a bench, so the hub does the final flight + leak test before return.

Honest economics: small networks are break-even; profitability comes from stacking local nodes + parts margin + a subscription, not labour arbitrage alone. The aggregator carries product liability; the home repairer's liability is capped to the part.

UK compliance checklist

What it takes to fly and to sell to government
Fly legally (CAA)

Operator ID (£12.34/yr) + Flyer ID (mandatory from Jan 2026), UAS registration + Remote ID, Specific Category Operational Authorisation (PDRA01 ~£524/yr for VLOS; UK SORA for BVLOS), GVC/RPC pilot competency, and the new UK class marks (UK0-UK6, mandatory on new drones from Jan 2026). Routine BVLOS is on the CAA roadmap to ~2027.

Quality + data

ISO 9001 and ISO 21384 (UAS design/ops), UK GDPR + a DPIA for any survey imagery of people, and Cyber Essentials (effectively required for government contracts).

Win public money

DASA / Defence Innovation Loans (SMEs, TRL 6+, up to £1M), Innovate UK and the Clean Maritime competition, and open tenders via Contracts Finder / Find-a-Tender (with a ~10-25% social-value weighting). Smart Grants are paused.

Maritime SAR

Interface with HM Coastguard / MCA as a support asset (the MCA Drone Pathfinder explores BVLOS in unsegregated airspace). Drones complement, they do not replace, crewed rescue, consistent with the SOLAS duty to rescue.

Safety case

How much safer, with real numbers
83% vs 39%
Thermal-drone detection vs spotlight (peer-reviewed)
~30 min
Average SAR mission time saved (responder data)
£1-5k vs £15-30k/hr
Drone mission cost vs helicopter
50-100 km2/hr
Search coverage of one drone (vs walking teams)

A thermal drone is airborne in ~5 minutes, covers an area dozens of ground searchers could not, and finds heat signatures through darkness and light cover. It speeds detection and dispatch; the physical rescue stays with crewed teams. Figures are from cited field studies, not invented multipliers.

A person holding a freshly repaired drone at home as it earns its keep

Economic impact

An honest, assumption-driven projection
Illustrative only. These calculators compute from assumptions you set. They are scenario tools to think with, not a forecast or a promise of returns.

Job profitability

Use case
Jobs per day
Working days/year
Per-job value
Revenue/day
Revenue/year
Break-even

Programme projection

Units built/year
Price per unit (GBP)
Gross margin
Export share
Revenue/year
Gross profit/year
Exports/year
Jobs (build+repair)

High-altitude monitoring

Eyes above the clouds, honestly costed

A cheap balloon lifts a small relay to the edge of space to watch a wide area and pass data down to the drones and ships below. The honest catch is what "cheap" buys you.

~$100 latex balloon

One ascent, then it bursts

A sounding balloon climbs to ~30 km and bursts; the payload parachutes back. Hours of wide-area data and relay per flight, not indefinite loiter. Perfect for cheap, repeatable high-altitude passes.

Loiter

Super-pressure / solar HAPS

For station-keeping you need a super-pressure balloon (Loon flew ~100 days) or a solar HAPS (Airbus Zephyr set a 67-day solar record). Costlier, but genuinely persistent.

Above the weather

Strong solar

Above cloud at 18-25 km, solar is ~1.1-1.25 kW/m2 (vs 0.2-0.8 at a cloudy surface), so a solar platform recharges well by day to fly through the night.

Lift gas, honestly. Helium is bought and finite, it cannot be made from seawater. Hydrogen can be electrolysed from water (including seawater) and lifts ~10% better, but it is flammable (the Hindenburg risk is real), so it needs careful handling. Related high-altitude data work: satsoft.ch.

LoRa MeshCore network

Altitude is range

The hop-and-loiter drones, balloons and buoys carry MeshCore (an open LoRa mesh, up to 64 hops). At the sea surface a hop is short; lift the relay and the radio horizon explodes.

Relay heightRadio horizon (two equal nodes)What it means
0.5 m (sea surface)~2.9 kmDense nodes needed
100 m (mast / low drone)~82 kmCovers a bay
1 km (high drone)~261 kmCovers a coastline
20 km (balloon)~1,168 kmOne balloon links a whole sea area

Mesh reach calculator

Relay height
Distance to span
Effective hop
Relays needed

A coastal or EEZ mesh is very doable with a few elevated relays. A full trans-Atlantic always-on surface mesh is not: the gaps need altitude relays plus satellite backhaul. We are honest about that.

Ocean endurance

How far a hop-and-float drone really goes
~22 Wh/km
Typical small-drone flight energy
10-30 W
Combined sea + solar trickle while floating
1,000-15,000 km
Cumulative range over weeks to months
~100+ days
To cross the Atlantic (~6,000 km), not "forever"

Real comparators: the US Navy "Lightfish" solar craft logged ~7,500 miles in 150 days; Saildrone USVs have passed a million nautical miles. A hop-float-hop drone can chain across an ocean over months, but biofouling is the number-one limiter (marine growth adds drag within weeks), then battery wear and weather. We do not claim indefinite self-powered flight.

Britain's eyes on its seas

Stewardship and the blue economy

A UK-built network that watches over its own waters: a peaceful mesh of monitoring drones, buoys and high-altitude relays supporting safety, the environment and industry across UK waters and the EEZ. Sovereignty and stewardship, not conquest. International waters belong to no one.

Safety

SAR + situational awareness

Faster detection and a live picture for HM Coastguard, supporting crewed rescue.

Environment

Pollution + habitat

Outfall, spill, seagrass and water-quality monitoring along the coast.

Industry

Fisheries, wind, ports

Aquaculture, offshore-wind and cable infrastructure, and port inspection: the recurring blue-economy work.

Build it in Britain

Real UK factories and clusters

Where the parts can actually be made in the UK. Real, verifiable firms and the high-value manufacturing catapults. Honest about where UK capacity is thin (motors, cells).

Production-capacity planner

Target build rate
Binding constraint
Indicative capex
Lead time
Direct jobs

Capacity context (sourced): total UK drone throughput today is ~500-1,000/month; UK motor winding tops out ~2,000/month and there is no domestic lithium-cell manufacturing. Figures are indicative planning estimates.

A technician testing a small white drone on a home workbench

Make it autonomously in Britain

A highly automated line, honestly staffed

The dream is a lights-out factory run by one person. The honest version is a highly automated line that still needs a small team, and it is genuinely buildable in the UK.

Precedent

FANUC, Japan

Runs ~30 days unmanned, ~6,000 robots/month, but still needs engineers for maintenance and exceptions. That is the bar.

Drone reality

~4-6 staff, not 1

Waterproof re-test, flight test and rework stay manual. A small line is highly automated, lights-out-capable for stretches, not zero-touch.

Turnkey

~$0.7-1.4M line

A small automated line runs ~500-1,000 units/month at ~100-200 units per person, vs ~10-20 manual.

The machines, and what each makes

ProcessMachineMakesIndicative capex
WindingAutomated coil winderMotor stators$5-20k
Moulding / CNCInjection press / CNCPropellers, frames, endcaps$35-200k
PCB assemblySMT pick-and-place + reflowFlight controller, ESC$90-280k
Inspection3D AOISolder-joint QA$50-200k
BatteryCell-to-pack + BMSPacks (cells imported)$40-80k
SealingPotting / conformal coatWaterproofing$15-50k
AssemblyFinal-assembly cobotScrew, bond, fit$40-150k
TestMotor + flight/EOL rigsThrust, leak, flight QA$95-250k
Turnkey line (machines + integration + MES)~$0.7-1.4M

Machine capex (indicative, $k)

Midpoints; the SMT and test cells dominate.

Realistic UK local content (%)

Hull and assembly localise well; cells, magnets and chips stay imported.
Local cells

Nascent, honest

AESC Sunderland makes pouch cells (live); Agratas Somerset pilots in 2026; Britishvolt failed; Batri made a sodium-ion 18650 demo. No UK Li-ion 18650 at scale yet, so cells are imported. LiPo is right for this drone.

Cheaper hull

Standard UK tube

The bullet hull cuts from pre-approved 6061 aluminium tube (~GBP25-50/m, Smith Metal, ThyssenKrupp) or carbon (~GBP40-100/m): easy to cut, no moulds, aerospace-grade, minimal lead time.

Honest cost

A strategic premium

A UK-assembled BOM is ~GBP190-355 vs ~GBP120-200 for a China ready-to-fly: a ~50-80% premium that buys sovereignty, jobs and resilience.

Factory-line planner (illustrative)

Automation level
Target output
Indicative capex
Staff (FTE)
Output
Per-unit cost (est.)

By the numbers

The real metrics, charted

Every figure here is the honest one from the research, with its caveat. The video is the cinematic wrapper; these charts are the accurate data.

Opens your print dialog; choose "Save as PDF" to keep the deck on your computer.

Speed (mph)

Tiered and honest; the submerged hull is drag-dominated by design. World record shown for reference.

Power: trickle vs flight (W)

The seawater cell + solar extend range; they are ~10% of hover demand and do not power flight.

LoRa radio horizon by relay height (km)

Altitude is range; a balloon relay links a whole sea area.

SAR detection probability (%)

Peer-reviewed thermal-drone vs spotlight vs ground spot-assessment.

Inspection cost per job (GBP, lower is better)

Drone vs incumbent diver/ROV+vessel. Aquaculture is the standout recurring win.

UK production capacity (units/month)

Today vs the UK motor-winding ceiling vs a funded target. Cells stay imported.
~$820
Indicative prototype BOM
3.6 : 1
Air thrust-to-weight
8
Draft patents (UK + IE)
1,000-15,000 km
Ocean cumulative range (weeks-months)
GBP1-5k vs 15-30k/hr
SAR drone mission vs helicopter
30
Profitable use cases mapped
dronefactory24.uk

The Transmedium Superdrone

An honest, buildable air-and-water VTOL programme - by the numbers

Prototype design and concept renders, not a flight-proven aircraft. Generated as a planning deck.
Performance

Performance envelope

3.6:1
Air thrust-to-weight
~$820
Prototype BOM
1.2-1.6 kg
All-up weight
  • Realistic loaded air ~75-95 mph; stripped stretch ~115-185 mph.
  • Submerged ~15-25 mph (drag-dominated by design).
  • Multirotor world record ~408 mph shown for reference only.
Speeds in mph, tiered; no single implausible headline number.
Energy

Energy and endurance

  • 6S LiPo (~33-49 Wh) is primary flight energy, charged at the dock.
  • Seawater Mg/Al cell ~5-30 W + solar ~5-20 W trickle-charge while floating.
  • Hop-float-hop extends range; cumulative ~1,000-15,000 km over weeks to months.
  • It does NOT self-power continuous flight; biofouling is the #1 ocean limiter.
A $100 weather balloon reaches ~30 km then bursts; loiter needs super-pressure/HAPS.
Safety

Search-and-rescue safety case

  • Thermal-drone detection 83% vs 39% spotlight (peer-reviewed).
  • ~30 minutes saved per mission; airborne in ~5 minutes.
  • Drone mission ~GBP1-5k vs helicopter ~GBP15-30k/hr.
  • Speeds detection and dispatch; crewed teams perform the rescue.
Figures from cited field studies; no invented multipliers.
Connectivity

LoRa MeshCore network

  • Radio horizon grows with altitude: 0.5 m to 2.9 km; 20 km balloon to ~1,168 km.
  • Coastal/EEZ mesh is very doable with a few elevated relays.
  • A full trans-Atlantic surface mesh needs altitude relays + satellite backhaul.
MeshCore is an open LoRa mesh (up to 64 hops).
Market

Subsea is the low-hanging fruit

  • Aquaculture net/pen: drone ~GBP2-3k vs diver ~GBP5-8k, recurring, no reg barrier.
  • Offshore-wind scour: ~GBP5-8k vs ROV+vessel ~GBP25-40k (needs DNV cert).
  • 30 profitable use cases mapped across inspection, subsea, agri, SAR, environment.
Indicative market values (sourced 2025-2026), not guarantees.
Make it in Britain

UK production and supply chain

  • Airframe, PCB, winding, assembly and integration are genuinely UK-makeable.
  • UK is thin on motor winding (~2,000/mo) and has no domestic lithium-cell manufacturing.
  • ~GBP100-200m + 18-24 months to reach ~5,000 units/month.
Real firms + HVM catapults mapped on the live site.
People

Every home a micro-enterprise

  • The drone does paid jobs; the household that maintains it shares in what it earns.
  • Anyone can learn the everyday swaps (props, battery, arm, antenna) with guided steps.
  • Income and skills stay local; one well-kept drone grows to a small fleet.
  • Safety-critical steps (waterproof re-test, calibration, ESC reflash) stay at a hub.
An experienced technician teaching an apprentice to repair drones
Earnings illustrative and job-dependent; this is a jobs-and-skills story, honestly framed.
Manufacture

Make it in Britain - autonomously

  • FANUC's Japanese plant runs ~30 days unmanned (~6,000 robots/month) - the aspiration.
  • For drones, waterproof + flight test + rework stay manual: a small line needs ~4-6 staff, not one.
  • Turnkey small automated line ~$0.7-1.4M, ~500-1,000 units/month.
  • Highly automated and lights-out-capable for stretches, not zero-touch.
A full machine list with indicative capex is on the live site.
Localize

Machine to part: what Britain can make

  • Hull/frame 70-80% localizable (UK tube + CNC + assembly).
  • Electronics ~50% (UK SMT assembly; chips imported).
  • Motors ~15% (assembly; magnets and wire imported). Battery cells 0% (imported).
  • Realistic overall local content ~25-35% without a cell or chip fab.
Hard imports: lithium cells, NdFeB magnets, MCU chips, enamelled motor wire.
Cost

Honest manufacturing cost

GBP190-355
UK-assembled BOM
GBP120-200
China ready-to-fly
50-80%
UK assembly premium
Indicative figures, sourced; cells, magnets and chips still imported today.
Status

Honesty and status

dronefactory24.uk - transmedium drone prototype programme.